Amaç: Çalýþmamýzýn amacý, asemptomatik (vaginal kanamasý olmayan) postmenapozal kadýnlarda hipertansiyonun ve antihipertansif ilaçlarýn endometrial kalýnlýða olasý etkisini, transvajinal ultrasonografi ile retrospektif olarak araþtýrmaktýr.
Gereç ve yöntemler: iki yýl boyunca kliniðimize rutin abdoinopelvik ultrasono grafik inceleme için baþvuran rastgele 217 asemptomatik postmenapozal kadýnýn sonografik ve klinik bulgularý retrospektif olarak incelendi. 77 (yaþ daðýlýmý 47-69) olgu çalýþmaya dahil edildi. 84 olgu hipertansiyon klinikleri hakkýnda yeterli veri olmadýðý için, 39 olgu daha ön¬ceden veya halen hormon replasman tedavisi kullandýðý için, 17 hasta daha önceden histerektomi geçirdiði için çalýþmaya dahil edilmedi. 77 olgu; grup (I) - normotansif, grup (2) - hi- pertansifen az I yýldýr ilaç kullanan, grup (3) en az 1 yýldýr hipertansif ancak ilaç kullanmayan olarak iiç gruba ayrýldý. Tiim olgular endometrial kalýnýk transvaginal sonografi ile sagittal planda endometriumun en kaim olduðu seviyeden ölçüldü.
Bulgular: Çalýþmamýzda 77 olgudan 57 olgu (% 74) hiper¬tansif, 20 olgu (% 26) normoteýýsif idi. Hipertansif olgularýn 39 ‘u (% 68) en az 1 senedir medikal tedavi görüyordu.Grup 1,2,3 ortalama endometrium kalýnlýk deðerleri sýrasýyla; 3.6 (± 0.2), 6.2 (± 1.1), 4.3 (± 1.2) mm olarak bulundu. Grup 2’ýýin ortalama endometrium kalýnlýk deðeri diðer gruplardan istatistiksel olarak anlamlý yüksek bulundu (p<0.05). Grup t ve 3 arasýnda istatistiksel olarak anlamlý farklýlýk saptanmadý (p>0.05).
Sonuç: Antihipertansif ilaç tedavisi gören asemptomatik postmenapozal kadýnlarda endometrial kalýnlýk, normotansif ve ilaç kullanmayan hipertansif kadýnlara göre anlamlý büyük bulunmuþtur.

Objective: The aim of our study was to retrospectively investigate, by using transvaginal ultrasonography, the possible effects on endometrial thickness of hypertension and antihypertensive agents in asymptomatic postmenopausal women.
Material and methods: We reviewed clinical and sonographic data on 217 un"ed, asymptomatic postmenopausal women who attented our department for routine abdominopelvic sonographic evaluation during two year period. 77 patients were included in the study (age range, 47-69 years). Reasons for exclusion were: clinical data about hypertension were not available (n=84), the patient had received or was receiving hormonal treatment (39), the patient had undergone a hysterectomy (n=17). We compared three groups of postmenopausal women (n-77) as follows: group (1) normotensive postmenopausal women, group (2) hypertensive women treated with an antihypertensive drug at least for a year, and group (3) untreated hypertensive women who had had hypertension for at least 1 year. All patient had been examined using transvaginal sonography. Endometrial thickness was measured at the level of its maximum thickness in the uterine sagittal plane.
Results: 57 women (% 74) were hypertensive and 20 women (% 26) were normotensive.Of the fifty-seven women, 39 (% 68) were receiving an antihypertensive drug at least 1 year. 18 women were untreated hypertensive patients for a year. The mean (± SD) endometrial thickness in groups 1, 2, 3 were 3.6 (± 0.2), 6.2 (± 1.1), 4.3 (± 1.2) mm, respectively. Significant difference was obtained in group 2 (p<0.05).
Conclusions: Our data indicate that the mean endometrial thickness is significantly greater in asymptomatic, hypertensive women receiving antihypertensive drugs than among untreated hypertensive and normotensive women.

Amaç: Bu çalýþmada, saðlýk hizmetlerine önemli katkýlarda bulunduðu düþünülen bir kurum hekimliðinde saðlanan ideal hekim-hasta iliþkisinin hastaneye ve diðer polikliniklere sevk edilen hasta sayýsýna olumlu etkisi irdelenmeye çalýþýldý.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Tanýmlayýcý tipte yürütülen araþtýrmanýn evrenini 1998, 1999 ve 2000 yýllarýnda Gümüþsüyü Asker Hastanesine (Ýstanbul) baðlý olarak hizmet veren Etiler polik¬liniðine baþvuran hastalar oluþturdu.Polikliniðin her türlü fi¬ziki imkanlarýnda ve teknik yapýsýnda 1998, 1999 ve 2000 yýl¬larýnda herhangi bir deðiþiklik olmadý. 1999 ve 2000 yýllarýnda belirlenen bir protokol çerçevesinde ideal düzeyde hekim-hasta iliþkisi kurularak hizmetler yürütüldü. 1998 yýlýnda bu tarzda bir uygulama yapýlmamýþtý. Belirtilen üç yýl içindeki hasta sevk oranlan karþýlaþtýrýldý.
Bulgular: Çalýþmanýn yürütüldüðü kurumda, 1999 ve 2000 yýllarýnda hasta sevk oranlarý, 1998 yýlma göre sýrasýyla %10.8 (p
Sonuç: Kurum hekimliði temelinde verilen saðlýk hizmetlerinde iyi bir hekim-hasta iliþkisinin kurulmasýyla, ikinci basamaðý oluþturan saðlýk kurumlanýlýn (hastanelerin ve spesifik dal polikliniklerinin) yükünde anlamlý düzeyde bir azalma olacak: bu durum hastanelerin iþ yükünü azaltarak daha nitelikli ve gerçekten ihtiyacý olan kiþilere saðlýk hizmeti verilmesine katkýda bulunacaktýr.

Objectives: This study was designed to introduce an occupational health center serving as a primary health care facility and to address beneficial effects of instituting an ideal physician-patient relationship on the number of patients to be referred to hospital and other specific policlinics.
Study Design: This descriptive study investigated the patient population of a primary health center of Gümüþsüyü Soldier Hospital Etiler outpatient clinic in three consecutive years, 1998, 1999 and 2000. Throughout this period there had been no changes in the technical and physical circumstances of the health center. In 1998 routine health services were provided, whereas during 1999 and 2000, all health services were implemented on the basis of a specific protocol designed to institute and maintain an ideal physician-patient relationship. Patient referral rates within each year were compared.
Results: As a result of practicing an ideal physician-patient relationship, and compared with that found in 1998, patient referral rates to hospital and other specific policlinics decreased significantly by 10.8% (p<0.01) and 11.3% (p<0.01) in 1999 and 2000, respectively.
Conclusion: Institution of an ideal physician-patient relationship in primary health care centers may reduce the referral rates of patients to hospital and other specific policlinic, thus decreasing the workload of these hospitals, which in turn will contribute to improved health care services in these centers.

Amaç: Bu çalýþmada günlük polikliniðimizde sýk karþýlaþtýðý¬mýz psoriazis hastalarýnýn alternatif týp tedavi metotlarý hakkýnda bilgilerini ölçmek, hangi metotlarý kullandýðýný araþtýrmayý amaçladýk.
Materyal Metod: Polikliniðimize müracaat eden psoriazis hastalarý yaþ, cinsiyet, hastalýk süresi, hastalýðýn þiddeti dikkate alýnmadan çalýþmaya alýndý ve her hasta için anket dolduruldu. Hastalarýn yaþý, cinsiyeti, adresi, telofon numaralarý ve eðitim seviyeleri kaydedildi. Hastalara alternatif týp tedavilerine dair bilgisi, olup olmadýðý, bu tedavileri kullanýp kullanmadýðý, eðer kullandýysa hangi yöntemleri uyguladýðý ve uyguladýðý bu yöntemi hangi kaynaktan öðrendiði sorgulandý. Ayrýca hastanýn uyguladýðý alternatif týp tedavisinden mem¬nuniyeti soruldu.
Bulgular: 20’si erkek 30’ u kaclýn toplam 50 hasta deðerlendirildi. 30 hastanýn alternatif týp tedavileri hakkýnda bilgi sahibi olduðunu (%60), 18 hastanýn bir veya birden fazla alternatif týp tedavi metodu uyguladýðýný tespit edildi. 13 hastanýn bitkisel tedavi, 3 hastanýn balýklý göl tedavisi, 2 hastanýn okutma, 2 hastanýn da deniz tedavisi uyguladýðý tespit edildi.

Sonuç: Biz çalýþmamýzda psoriazis’te alternatif týp yöntemlerinin kullanýlma düzeyini kýyaslayabildiðimiz diðer batý toplumlarýna göre düþiik bulduk. Bu durumun eðitim düzeyi ile paralel bir iliþkisi olduðunu gördük.

Obective: This study was designed to evaluate the alternative treatment methods in patients with psoriasis thats is one of the most common disease in outpatient clinic
Study Desing: All of the psoriasis patients that were applied to our outpatient clinic were evaluated. All patients completed a questionnaire form. The age, sex, telephone numbers and degree of education of all patients were recorded. We asked patients whether they knew any about alternative treatment metods in psoriasis.
Results: A total of 50 patients (30 women, 20 men) were included to the study. 30 of them (%60) had heard about alternative treatment metods of psoriasis and 18 of them had used at least one of those treatment methods. We detected that 13 of them had used herbal therapy, 3 of them Bahkh Lake bath, 2 of them had used spiritual therapy and 2 of them used see bath therapy.
Conclusions: We observed the use of alternative treatment methods in our country was lower than that in the west countries. We suggest that result is correlated with degree of education.

Amaç: Çalýþmamýzda; remifentanilin sevofluranla dengeli anestezi ve propofol veya midazolamla intravenöz anestezide kullanýmýnda postoperatif derlenme özelliklerini karþýlaþtýrmayý amaçladýk.
Gereç ve yöntem: Hastane Etik Kurul onayýyla, ASA /-// gru¬bundan 45 olgu çalýþmaya dahil edilerek randomize olarak 3 gruba ayrýldý. Anestezi indüksiyon ve idamesinde remifentanil ve roküronyumla, Grup S’de sevofluran, Grup P’de propofol, Grup M’de midazolam kullanýldý. Derlenme; anestezik ajanlarýn sonlandýrýlmasýndan itibaren spontan ve düzenli solunumun baþlamasýna kadar geçen süre, sözlii uyarana yanýt, ekstübasyon, oryantasyo-kooperasyon zamanlarý ve Steward Skorlanýa Sistemiyle deðerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Derlenme, gruplar arasýnda benzerdi (p>0.05). Postopcratuar 15. ve 30.dklarda Stewart skoru Grup M’de Grup S’e göre anlamlý olarak düþüktü (p<0.05). Ancak bu fark klinik olarak anlamlý bulunmadý. Grup M’de 2 olguda flumazenil ile antagonizasyon saðlandý.
Tartýþma ve sonuç: Ameliyat sýrasýnda bilinci açýk olmayan olgularda, peroperatuar dönem çoðunlukla hatýrlanmazken, derlenme bilincin yerine gelmesiyle özellikle hastalar için kaliteli bir anestezi açýsýndan önem kazanmaktadýr. Remifentanil; kýsa etkili yeni bir opioid ajan olup, yine kýsa etkili inha- lasyon anesteziði sevofluran veya intravenöz ajanlardan pro¬pofol ve midazolamla kullanýldýðýnda hýzlý ve yumuþak bir derlenme saðlamaktadýr. Çalýþmamýzýn bulgularý bu bilgileri destekler niteliktedir. Sonuç olarak; remifentanilin, sevofluranla dengeli anestezi ve propofol veya midazolamla intravenöz anestezide kullanýmýndaki etkileri benzer olarak deðerlendirilmiþ, her üç grupta sakin, rahat bir derlenme elde edilmiþtir.

Objective: In our study, we aimed to compare recovery characteristics of remifentanil with sevoflurane in balanced ana¬esthesia and with propofol or midazolam in intravenous ana¬esthesia.
Study design: After the approval by the Medical Ethics Committee of the hospital, 45 patients in ASA l-Il physical status were enrolled the study and randomized to three groups. Remifentanil, rocuronium and sevoflurane in Group S, propofol in Group P, midazolam in Group M were used for anaesthesia induction and maintenance. Recovery was evaluated with times to spontaneous respiration, adequate respiration, response to commands, extubation, orientation-coopération and Ste-wart Scoring System.
Results: Recovery was similar between groups (p>0.05). Stewart score was significantly lower at postoperative 15. and 30. min in Group M compared to Group S (p<0.05). But this difference was not found clinically significant. 2 patients needed flumazenil in Group M.
Contusion: Since the patients are unconscious peroperatively, this period is not remembered, but the recovery is considered important for a quality anaesthesia, because the patients are getting conscious. Remifentanil is a new short acting opioid agent which provides rapid and smooth recovery when used with sevoflurane as an inhalation agent and propofol or midazolam as intravenous agents. Our results seem to sup¬port these datas. In conclusion; the effects of remifentanil were similar when used with sevoflurane for balanced anaesthesia and with propofol or midazolam for intravenous anaesthesia, and calm and comfortable recovery was provided in all three groups.

Bu çalýþmada; steroide baðýmlý ve sýk relaps gösteren nefrotik sendromlu çocuk hastalarý, saðlýklý çocuklar ile kemik mineral dansitesi açýsýndan karþýlaþtýrarak, steroidlerin kemik metabolizmasý üzerine etkilerini irdelemeyi amaçladýk. Aralýk 1997 ve Aralýk 2001 tarihleri arasýnda Þiþli Etfal Eðitim ve Araþtýrma Hastanesi Çocuk Nefroloji Polikliniði‘nde takip edilen, S’i steroid baðýmlý, 6’sý sýk relaps gösteren, 14 nefrotik sendromlu çocuk deðerlendirildi. Çalýþmamýzda omurga BMD kaybý yönünden sýk relaps ve steroide baðýmlý hasta grubu arasýnda istatistiksel anlamlý fark yoktur (p>0.05). Kalçada BMD kaybý yönünden sýk relaps ve steroide baðýmlý hasta grubu arasýnda istatistiksel olarak anlamlý fark yoktur (p>0.05). Çalýþma grubunun ortalama L2-L4 BMD’si kontrol grubundan dalýa düþüktür. Ancak ortalamalarý arasýnda ista¬tistiksel olarak anlamlý fark yoktur (p>0.05). Hem steroide baðýmlý, hem de sýk relaps gösteren nefrotik sendromlu hastalarda kemik mineral dansitesinde azalma görülmekle birlikte, saðlýklý çocuklarýn deðerleri ile karþýlaþtýrýldýðýnda anlamlý bulunmamýþtýr. Bu nedenle, uzun süreli düþük dozlu steroid tedavileri nefrotik sendromlu çocuklarda kemik metabolizma¬sý deðerlendirilmek koþuluyla emniyetle kullanýlabilir.

In this study, to detect skeletal effects of steroids therapy we compared bone mineral density values between in healthy children and in children with steroid depended and frequent relapsing neprotic syndrome. The study group was consist of 8 steroid depended and 6 frequent relapsing neprotic syndrome patients followed by Pediatric Nephrology Department between December 1997-December 2001. The control group was consist of 22 healthy children. In our study statistically significiant defference for the spine and hip BMD loss between frequent relapsing and steroid depended groups (p>0.05). L2-L4 BMD values were more decreased than the controls. But there was no significiant statistically difference between all groups (p>0.05) For this reason, in our opinion in children with neprotic syndrome long- term, low dose steroid therapy can be used safely.

Amaç: Çocuklarda ultrasonografi (US) eþliðinde yapýlan otomatik tabanca ile perkütan böbrek biyopsisi etkin ve emniyetli bir yöntemdir. Bu teknikle daha ince iðne (J6gauge) kulanýmýnýn tam deðeri ve komplikasyonlarý, irdelendi.
Gereç ve yöntem: Þiþli Etfal Hastanesi Çocuk kliniklerinde tetkik ve tedavi edilen toplam 82 hastadan 24 olguya (grup 1) 14 gange biyopsi iðnesi ve 58 olguya (grup 2) 16 gauge bi¬yopsi iðnesi kullanýlarak otomatik biyopsi tabancasý eþliðinde kapalý böbrek biyopsi yapýldý. Hastalarýn 24 saat boyunca vital bulgularý izlendi.
Bulgular: I. gruptaki 24 olgunun 21‘ inde (%87), 2. gruptaki 58 hastanýn 54‘ünde (%93) biyopsi materyali ýþýk mikroskopisi ve immýýnfloresan inceleme için yet erliydi. GrupI olgularda l’i perirenal hematom, 6‘sý makroskopik hematini olmak üzere toplam 7 olguda (%29) komplikasyon geliþti. 2. grupta 2‘si perireýuü hematom, 10’ýýýý makroskopik hematini olmak üzere toplam 12 olguda (%20) komplikasyon gözlendi. Her iki grýýp hastanýn geliþen komplikasyon oranlarý ve biyopsi materyal yeterlilikleri açýsýndan anlamlý istatiksel farklýlýk saptanmadý (p>0,05).
Sonuç: Çocuklarda perkýýtan böbrek biyopsisinin otomatik tabanca ile (US eþliðinde) daha ince biyopsi iðnesi kullanýlmasý ile de düþük komplikasyon oranlarý ve de tanýda yeterli biyopsi materyali ekle edilebileceði gösterilmiþtir.

Objective: Real-time sonographic guidance in conjunction with an automated core biopsy system is safe and effective method of performing percutaneous renal biopsy in children. Material and
Methods: We determinate the diagnostic adequacy and complication rates using smaller needle (16 gauge). Biopsies were performed on a total of 82 patients; 24 patients using 14 gauge needle (group 1) and 58 patients using 16 gauge needle (group 2) with an automated core bi-opsy device in the Department of Pediatrics at Þisli Etfal Hospital. Vital parameters have been observed 24 hours after biopsy.
Results: Adequate tissue for diagnosis was obtained in 21 of 24 patients (87%) in group I, and 54 of 58 patients (93%) in group 2. A total of 7 complications occurred in group 1 (29%), consisting of 1 perirenal hematom and 6 macroscopic hematuria and 12 complications occurred in group 2 (20%) consisting of 2 perirenal hematom and 10 macroscopic hematuria. Sample adequacy and complication rates were not significantly different between the two groups.
Conclusion: We assumed that the use of smaller (16 gauge) needle with an automated core biopsy system under real-time sonographic guidance would also provide low complication rates and adequate tissue for diagnosis in children.

Amaç: Bu çalýþmamýzda hastanemize gönüllü olarak aile planlamasý için baþvuran kadýnlarda kontraseptif yöntem seçimi ve uygulamasýný etkileyen faktörleri tespit etmeyi amaçladýk.
Materyal ve metod: Çalýþmamýz, Aile Planlamasý Merkezi’ne kontrasepsiyonla ilgili herhangi bir nedenle baþvuran 246.ka-, din üzerinde, yüz yüze ve anket tarzýnda yapýlmýþtýr.
Bulgular: Ankete katýlanlarýn %95.5’ i aile planlamasýnýn gerekli olduðunu düþünüyordu, gerekli olmadýðýný düþünenler ise yalnýzca %0.8 idi. %3.7’lik grup ise herhangi bir fikri olmadýðýný belirtti. Kadýnlarda evlilik yaþý düþtükçe çocuk sayýsý istatistikse! olarak anlamlý derecede artmaktadýr (p=0.00423). Çalýþmamýza katýlanlarýn %48.3’ii kullandýðý kontrasepsiyon yöntemine ait aracý aile planlamasý merkezlerinden, saðlýk ocaklarýndan, doktor, yetkili hemþire gibi saðlýk personelinden, %I1,8’i diðer kaynaklardan, %39.9’u ise her iki kaynaktan da saðlamýþlardýr. Týbbi personel en fazla baþvurulan haber kaynaðýdýr. Çalýþmaya katýlan kadýnlarýn 81‘i (%32.9) dilatasyon ve küretaj, 27’si (%ll) enjektabl kontraseptif saðlamak, 93’it (%37.8) rahim içi araç saðlamak, 7‘si (%2.8) kondom saðlamak, 38’i ise oral kontraseptif saðlamak için aile planlamasý merkezine baþvurmuþlardýr. Tüm baþvuran kadýnlarda ortalama dilatasyon ve küretaj sayýsý ortalama 1.90±1.58 idi.
Sonuç: Aile planlamasý ve doðum kontrolü yalnýzca kadýnlarý deðil, tüm aileyi ve toplumu ilgilendiren bir olgu olarak deðerlendirilmeli ve toplum saðlýðýnýn bir parçasý olarak ele alýnmalýdýr.

Objective: The purpose of the study was to determine the contraception method choosen by the volunteer women in family planning.
Study Design: Our study inclueded 246 women who were consúltate for any reason to our family planning center. A sociodemografic questionnaire was applied to all patients face to face.
Results: About 95.5% of the patients believe the importance of family planning, whereas %3.7 patients didn‘t have any idea. As the mariage age decreased the number of child increased (p=0.00423). %48.3 of the patients get their contraceptive material from family planning centers, doctors, nurses and %39.9 get their material both from same way and other ways.%32.9 of the patients consúltate to family planning center for dilatation and curetage, %11 to get injected contraceptive material, %37.8 of them to get intrauterine devices, %2.8 to get condom and %38 of them to get oral contraceptive pills.
Conclusion: Family planning and contraception was not only the womens problem, it must be the whole family and comunity problem.

Amaç: Bu çalýþmanýn amacý, aile planlamasý eðitiminin kadýnlarda doðýtýn sonrasý dönemde kontraseptif yöntem kullan¬maya otan etkisini belirlemektir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalýþma, Ýstanbul Üniversitesi Ýstanbul Týp Fakültesi Kadýn hastalýklarý ve Doðum Kliniðinde Ocak 1998 - Man 1998 tarihleri arasýnda yapýlmýþtýr. 3 aylýk dönemde doðum yapan 284 kadýnýn 142‘si çalýþma grubuna, 142‘si de kontrol grubuna rastgele olarak alýnmýþtýr. Her iki gruptaki kadýnlara aile planlamasý ile ilgili anket uygulandýktan sonra, çalýþma grubundaki kadýnlara doðum öncesi ve sonrasýnda aile planlamasý konusunda bireysel eðitim yapýlarak broþür verilmiþtir. Doðumdan / yýl sonra, çalýþma grubunda 125, kontrol grubunda 119 kadýnla tekrar görüþülerek kontraseptif yöntem kullanma durumlarýyla ilgili anket uygu¬lanmýþtýr.
Bulgular: Kontraseptif yöntem kullanma oraný, çalýþma grubunda eðitini sonrasýnda % 51.0‘dan % 78.0’e, kontrol grubunda ise % 50.0’den % (>1.4‘e yükselmiþtir. Eðitim öncesi et¬kili yöntem kullanma oraný çalýþma grubunda % 28.5, kontrol grubunda % 32.7 iken, bu oranlar çalýþýna grubunda % 27.5, kontrol grubunda % 7.3 oranýnda artmýþtýr.
Sonuç: Doðum öncesi ve sonrasýnda verilen aile planlamasý eðitimi, etkili kontraseptif yöntemlerin kullaným oranýný arttýrmaktadýr

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the effect family planning education on the use of contraceptive in hods during postpartum period.
Material and Methods: This study was carried out hetwe January 1998 - March 1998 in maternity clinic of I stank University Medical Faculty Hospital. A total of 284 postpc turn women were randomly assigned to control (142 wome and intervention (142 women) groups. After a preliminary q estionnaire was applied to women in both groups, an indii dual education about postpartum family planning was giv to women in the study group and a brochure was distribute 1 year later, a final telephone conversation about tlieir use contraceptive methods was made with women being 125 the study group and 119 in the control group. Results: After the education, the rate of using any contrace five methods rose from 51.0% to 78.0% in the study groi and from 50.0% to 61.4% in the control group. While the rci of using modern contraceptive methods was 28.5% in ti study group and 32.7% in the control group before educatio this rate increased respectively by 27.5% and 7.3% after t) education. Conclusion: We concluded that giving family plannir, education for women before or after postpartum period in. reased the rate of using family planning methods.

Tuberöz sklerozis fakomalozlarclan biri olup, çeþitli klinik ve radyolojik görünümlerle kendisini gösterebilir. Biz olgýt bildirimizde baþ aðrýsý ve konviilziyon þikayetleri olan 8 yaþýndaki bir erkek çocuðunu tanýmladýk. Yapýlan nörolojik muayenede ash leaf (kiil yapraðý) lekeler, adenoma sebaseum ve bilateral pa pil ödem tespit edildi. Hasta manyetik rezonans görüntüle¬meye sevk edildi ve yapýlarý inceleme sonucunda subependi¬mal nodiiller, kortikal ve subkortikal tuberler ve subependi¬mal dev hücreli astrositomdan oluþan tuberöz sklerozun intrakranial manifestasyonlarý saptandý. Biz olgu bildirimizde bu iyi bilinen tümörlerin meydana geliþini, histopatolojisini, radyolojik özelliklerini ve tedavi yöntemlerini tartýþtýk ve erken tanýnýn dolayýsýyla bu konuda manyetik rezonans görüntülemenin önemini vurguladýk.

Tuberous sclerosis is one of the phakomatoses that can show a variety of clinical and radiological manifestations. We described an 8 year old male patient who presented with seizures and headache complaints. Neurological examination revealed ash loaf spots, adenoma sebaceum and bilateral papilledema. The patient was referred to magnetic resonance imaging that showed intracranial manifestations of the tuberous sclerosis which included subependymal nodules, cortical and subcortical tubers and subependymal giant cell astrocytoma. We have discussed the occurence, histopathology, radiologic features and treatment procedures of these well known tumors and emphasized the importance of early diagnosis and therefore the role of magnetic resonance imaging in this entity.

Lichen planus pemphigoides, nadir görülen büllü bir dermatozdur. Büller, liken planus papüllerinde veya klinik olarak tundum olmayan deride yer alýr. Histopatolojide suhepidermal hül, direki immünofloresan incelemede ise bazal membran zonanda lineer IgG ve C3 birikimi gözlenir. Burada, liken planus pemjt.goid.esi. olan 40 yayýnda kadýn hastayý bildiriyoruz. Bu hastada, liken planus lezyoýýlarý bHllii lezyonlara önci‘dük etmiþ olup biiller oldukça sýnýrlý alanlarda yer almaktaydý. Sistemik kortikosteroid ile hasta baþarýlý bir þekilde tedavi edilmiþtir.

Lichen planus pemphigoides, is a rare dermatosis characterized by bullae arising on lichen planus papules and on clinically uninvolved skin, suhepidermal bullae in histopathology and linear deposits of IgG and C3 along basal membrane zone on direct immunofluorescence. We present a 40 year old woman who has lichen planus pemphigoides. In our patient, lichen planus lesions preceded bullous lesions and she had blisters in limited areas. She was successfully treated with systemic corticosteroid therapy.

Yumuþak doku hemanjiomu iskelet sisteminin sýk görülen henign kitlelerindendir. Genelde çocukluk çaðýnda saptanan hemanjiomlarýn cilt altýna yakýn bir kýsmý 4-5 yaþa kadar regrese olabilir. Eriþkinde daha sýklýkla kas içi ve derin yerleþimli olan hemanjiomlar radyolojik görüntüleme modaliteleri ile tipik tanýsal özellikleri nedeni ile teþhis edilirler. Bu çalýþmada yumuþak doku hemanjiomunun röntgen. ultrason ve manyetik rezonansta tipik tanýsal özellikleri gösterilmeye çalýþýlmýþtýr.

22 y M patient with non tender lump on his right foot was examined with X-Ray and ultrasound. On physical examination no discoloration was noticed at the site of the lesion. Fine calcifications of the lesions on X-ray were highly suggestive of hemangioma. Finally MRl images of the lesions were done to clarify the diagnosis of soft tissue hemangioma.